Based on this information, patients were classified into the following six groups according to the algorithm: (i) low-risk surgery (ii) intermediate- or high-risk surgery and functional capacity >4 METs (iii) intermediate surgery, functional capacity ≤4 METs, and no risk factors (iv) intermediate surgery, functional capacity ≤4 METs, and one or more risk factors (v) high-risk surgery, functional capacity ≤4 METs, and two or fewer risk factors and (vi) high-risk surgery, functional capacity ≤4 METs, and three or more risk factors. This self-reported information was automatically extracted from the electronic anaesthesia charts and supplemented by an automated free-text search. Little research has been done to validate this algorithm. If there are three or more risk factors, noninvasive stress testing is to be considered, and in the presence of extensive ischaemia, an individualised risk–benefit assessment is recommended. If functional capacity is ≤4 METs and the patient is undergoing a high-risk procedure, in addition to noninvasive stress testing, rest echocardiography and cardiac biomarkers may be considered in the presence of two or fewer risk factors. If functional capacity is ≤4 metabolic equivalents (METs) and the patient is undergoing an intermediate-risk procedure, noninvasive stress testing may be considered in the presence of one or more risk factors. Patients planned for intermediate- or high-risk surgery are further assessed with regard to their functional capacity. Special Issue on Memory and Awareness in Anesthesia (PDF)įor non-urgent surgery, after exclusion of an acute cardiac condition, the first step in the algorithm is the determination of the risk of the procedure.Special Issue on Mass Casualty Medicine and Anaesthesia: Science and Clinical Practice (JPG).Special Issue on Thoracic Anaesthesia and Respiratory Physiology (PDF).Hong Kong College of Anaesthesiologists.College of Anaesthesiologists of Ireland.Memory, Awareness and Anaesthesia 2022 Special Collection.
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COVID-19 and the Anaesthetist: A Special Series.
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